Eidame tis diafores metaju twn arxeiwn sto DOSWin kai sto Linux. Oson afora toys katalogoys, sto DOSWin o rizikos katalogos einai \
kai sto Linux einai /
. Omoiws, oi fwliasmenoi katalogoi xwrizontai me \
sto DOSWin, enw me /
sto Linux. Paradeigmata diadromwn arxeiwn:
DOS: C:\PAPERS\GEOLOGY\MID_EOC.TEX
Linux: /home/nikos/papers/geology/middle_eocene.tex
Ws synh8ws, ..
einai o patrikos katalogos (parent directory) kai .
einai o trexwn katalogos (current) directory. Na 8ymaste oti to susthma den epitrepei na trejete tis cd
, rd
, kai
md
opoy 8elete. Ka8e xrhsths diathrei ta pragmata toy se enan katalogo poy onomazetai «oikeios» (home), poy didetai apo to diaxeiristh toy systhmatos· paradeigmatos xarin, ston ypologisth moy o oikeios katalogos moy einai o /home/nikos
.
Kai oi katalogoi exoyn dikaiwmata. Isxuoyn osa eidame sthn enothta
Dikaiwmata kai idiokthsies , dhladh ta xrhsths (user), omada (group) kai alloi (other). Sthn periptwsh twn katalogwn, to rx
shmainei oti mporeite na allajete ston katalogo kai w
oti mporeite na diagracete ena arxeio toy katalogoy (sumfwna me ta dikaiwmata toy arxeioy fysika) h kai ton idio ton katalogo.
Gia paradeigma, gia na krathsw toys alloys xrhstes makria apo to arxeio /home/nikos/text
:
$ chmod o-rwx /home/nikos/text
DIR: ls, find, du
CD: cd, pwd
MD: mkdir
RD: rmdir
DELTREE: rm -rf
MOVE: mv
DOS Linux
---------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\NIKOS>DIR $ ls
C:\NIKOS>DIR FILE.TXT $ ls file.txt
C:\NIKOS>DIR *.H *.C $ ls *.h *.c
C:\NIKOS>DIR/P $ ls | more
C:\NIKOS>DIR/A $ ls -l
C:\NIKOS>DIR *.TMP /S $ find / -name "*.tmp"
C:\NIKOS>CD $ pwd
n/a - vlepe simeiwsi $ cd
omoiws $ cd ~
omoiws $ cd ~/temp
C:\NIKOS>CD \OTHER $ cd /other
C:\NIKOS>CD ..\TEMP\TRASH $ cd ../temp/trash
C:\NIKOS>MD NEWPROGS $ mkdir newprogs
C:\NIKOS>MOVE PROG .. $ mv prog ..
C:\NIKOS>MD \PROGS\TURBO $ mkdir /progs/turbo
C:\NIKOS>DELTREE TEMP\TRASH $ rm -rf temp/trash
C:\NIKOS>RD NEWPROGS $ rmdir newprogs
C:\NIKOS>RD \PROGS\TURBO $ rmdir /progs/turbo
Shmeiwseis:
rmdir
, o pros diagrafh katalogos prepei na einai kenos. Gia na diagracete enan katalogo mazi me ola toy ta periexomena xrhsimopoieiste thn rm -rf
me dikh sas ey8unh·
~
» einai syntomeysh gia to onoma toy oikeioy katalogoy sas. Oi entoles cd
h cd ~
8a sas metaferoyn ston oikeio katalogo apo opoy ki an eiste· h entolh cd ~/tmp
8a sas metaferei sto /home/your_home/tmp
·
cd -
«anairei» thn teleytaia cd
.